HMMER [1] is a well-known bioinformatics tool/software. It offers a web server and a command-line tool for users. Here are some additional applications of HMMER. (more…)

There are commonly used alignment programs such as muscle, blast, clustalx, and so on, that can be easily installed from the repository. In this article, we are going to install such software on Ubuntu 18.04 & 20.04. (more…)

RDP provides analysis tools called RDPTools. These tools are used to high-throughput sequencing data including single-strand, and paired-end reads [1]. In this article, we are going to install RDPTools on Ubuntu (Linux). (more…)

It is necessary to detect highly variable regions in envelopes of viruses as it allows the establishment of the viruses in the human body. A new tool is developed to build and align the highly variable regions in HIV sequences. (more…)

Clustal packages [1,2] are quite useful in multiple sequence alignments. Especially, when you need specific outputs from the command-line. In this article, we will install CustalW2 command-line tool on Ubuntu. (more…)

HMMER tool is used for searching sequence homologs using profile hidden Markov Models (HMMs) [1]. It is also one of the most widely used alignment tools. In this article, we will install the latest HMMER package on Ubuntu. (more…)

FASTX-toolkit is a command-line bioinformatics software package for the preprocessing of short reads FASTQ/A files [1]. These files contain multiple short-read sequences obtained as an output of next-generation sequencing. In this article, we are going to install FASTX-toolkit on Ubuntu. (more…)

DIAMOND is a program for high throughput pairwise alignment of DNA reads and protein sequences [1]. It is used for the high-performance analysis of large sequence data. In this article, we will make a local database of protein sequences and align protein sequences against the reference database. (more…)

MEME suite is used to discover novel motifs in unaligned nucleotide and protein sequences [1,2]. In this article, we will learn how to install MEME on Ubuntu. (more…)

BLAT is a pairwise sequence alignment algorithm that is used in the assembly and annotation of the human genome [1]. In this article, we will install BLAT on Ubuntu. (more…)

NCBI-BLAST+ [1] command-line tool offers multiple functions to be performed on a large dataset of sequences. Previously, we have shown how to blast against a local dataset of sequences. This article will explain the search of homologous sequences for a query sequence against a local database of sequences and how to obtain the top 100 hits out of the searched results. (more…)

Clustal Omega [1,2] and MUSCLE are bioinformatics tools that are used for multiple sequence alignment (MSA). In one of our previous articles, we explained the usage of the ClustalW2 command-line tool for MSA and phylogenetic tree construction. In this article, we will use Clustal Omega and MUSCLE for MSA exploring other arguments that facilitate different output formats. (more…)

ClustalW2 is a bioinformatics tool for multiple sequence alignment of DNA or protein sequences. It can easily align sequences and generate a phylogenetic tree online (https://www.genome.jp/tools-bin/clustalw). However, in some cases, we need to perform these operations on a large number of FASTA sequences using the command-line tool of ClustalW2 [1]. (more…)

PHMMER is a sequence analysis tool used for protein sequences (http://hmmer.org; version 3.1 b2). It is available online as a web server and as well as a part of the HMMER stand-alone package (http://hmmer.org; version 3.1 b2). HMMER offers various useful features such as multiple sequence alignment including the file format conversion.  (more…)

Sequence and structural data in bioinformatics are ever-increasing and the need for its analysis is ever-demanding likewise. As bioinformaticians analyze the data with their keen knowledge and reach important conclusions, similarly, bioinformaticists provide with the enhanced and advanced tools and software for data analysis. (more…)

In our previous article, we discussed different multiple sequence alignment (MSA) benchmarks to compare and assess the available MSA programs. However, since the last decade, several sequence simulation software have been introduced and are gaining more interest. In this article, we will be discussing various sequence simulating software being used as alternatives to MSA benchmarks. (more…)

Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) is a very crucial step in most of the molecular analyses and evolutionary studies. Many MSA programs have been developed so far based on different approaches which attempt to provide optimal alignment with high accuracy. Basic algorithms employed to develop MSA programs include progressive algorithm [1], iterative-based [2], and consistency-based algorithm [3]. Some of the programs incorporate several other methods into the process of creating an optimal alignment such as M-COFFEE [4] and PCMA [5]. (more…)

The basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) [1,2] is known for its speed and results, which is also a primary step in sequence analysis. The ever-increasing demand for processing huge amount of genomic data has led to the development of new scalable and highly efficient computational tools/algorithms. For example, MapReduce is the most widely accepted framework which supports design patterns representing general reusable solutions to some problems including biological assembly [3] and is highly efficient to handle large datasets running over hundreds to thousands of processing nodes [4]. But the implementation frameworks of MapReduce (such as Hadoop) limits its capability to process smaller data. (more…)

Sequence alignment is customary to not only find similar regions among a pair of sequences but also to study the structural, functional and evolutionary relationship between organisms. Many tools have been discovered to achieve the goal of alignment of a pair of sequences, separately for nucleotide sequence and amino acid sequence, BLOSSUM & PAM [1] are a few to name. (more…)

A lot of protein structures are determined on a large scale and submitted in Protein Data Bank (PDB) www.rcsb.org [1]. After the experimental determination of these structures, they are used in many scientific studies and experiments are performed upon them such as mutagenesis, docking, and so on. (more…)